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Terms starting with A
Definition
Accuracy describes the agreement between the sensor’s pollutant concentration measurement and the concentration measured by the reference instrument. The accuracy of a sensor is determined by two components: precision and bias.
Definition
Active air sampling requires a pump to collect air samples. Using a pump, it is possible to collect gases and vapors by pumping air through a tube containing a bed of a sorbent, or it is possible to collect particulates (aerosols) by pumping air through a filter housed in a cassette or size-selective sampler.
Definition
In the context of health and environmental science, an acute effect refers to the immediate or short-term impact of exposure to a harmful agent, such as a pollutant or a toxic substance. These effects typically occur shortly after exposure and can be of varying severity, ranging from mild to severe. Acute effects are distinguished from chronic effects, which develop over a longer period of time due to repeated or prolonged exposure.
Definition
In an effort to inform the general public about the actual performance of commercially available “low-cost” air quality sensors, the South Coast AQMD has established the Air Quality Sensor Performance Evaluation Center (AQ-SPEC) program. The AQ-SPEC program aims at performing a thorough characterization of currently available “low-cost” sensors under ambient (field) and controlled (laboratory) conditions.
Definition
The U.S. EPA established the AQI as a method to translate pollution measurements into potential health effects. The AQI is a numeric scale for reporting air quality that describes how clean or polluted the air is at a given location and any associated health effects that may result from exposure to the air.
Definition
Artificial intelligence is the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. Specific applications of AI include expert systems, natural language processing, speech recognition and machine vision.
Definition
Autocorrelation, also known as serial correlation, is a statistical concept that measures the degree to which a time series or a signal is correlated with a lagged version of itself. In other words, it assesses the correlation between data points at different time intervals within the same series.
When the autocorrelation is high at a specific lag, it indicates that there is a repeating pattern or relationship between data points separated by that time lag. Autocorrelation is often used in time series analysis to identify trends, seasonality, or periodic patterns in data. It is a valuable tool in fields such as statistics, signal processing, and econometrics for understanding and modeling temporal dependencies in data.
When the autocorrelation is high at a specific lag, it indicates that there is a repeating pattern or relationship between data points separated by that time lag. Autocorrelation is often used in time series analysis to identify trends, seasonality, or periodic patterns in data. It is a valuable tool in fields such as statistics, signal processing, and econometrics for understanding and modeling temporal dependencies in data.
